The P1 boat terminal is located right next to the entry point at entrance #2. Photosynthesis activities of algae and mosses in conjunction with the water, however, foster the crystallization of sediments due to the extraction of carbon dioxide. To access the park, there are three entrances, entrance 1 on the north side above the Lower Lakes, entrance 2 on the south side next to Upper Lakes, and an auxiliary entrance 3, Flora, on Lake Kozjak. The name comes from agitated waterflow in small scars which make noise or "boil". As the lake and waterfalls district only comprises 1% of the park, there's a great deal to explore if you have the time. Scientists have so far discovered 321 different kinds of butterflies, of which 76 are day-flying butterflies, and 245 are nocturnal moths. 75 species of plants are endemic, which means that they were first defined and classified in this area of the world or nearby. The national park administration currently endeavors to introduce new, progressive protection measures. The area then formed part of Banovina of Croatia within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and then part of the Socialist Republic of Croatia within the Socialist Yugoslavia. Plitvice Lakes National Park can be reached from Karlovac exit in the north, from Otočac exit in the west or Gornja Ploča exit in the south.[11]. Generally, the following could be said: The colder the water, the higher the quantity of dissolved calcium hydrogencarbonate. Scientists have so far identified 1,267 different types of plants belonging to the 109 species so far recorded in the area of the national park. The Band-e Amir lakes within the Hindu Kush mountain range form a similar system of lakes and dams, though diverging tufa formation processes prevail. Under Julius Caesar the region was incorporated as the province of Illyricum into the Roman Empire. [22], The precipitation of calcium carbonate, however, does not occur right at the springs of the rivers that flow into the Plitvice Lakes. You can also book an organised excursion to the Plitvice Lakes with Viator – they have both Small-Group Plitvice Lakes National Park Day Trip from Zagreb and Private Tour: Plitvice Lakes Day Trip from Zagreb options. The large difference in altitude in a narrow space between the mountains in the south and the Korana river in the north also represents a significant criterion for biodiversity in this region. In 1527, the Croatian Parliament elected the Habsburg monarch Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria as the new king of Croatia in the hope of resources to ward of the Ottoman advance. The Croatian rebellion was put down by Austrian authorities. [8] This name was designated due to natural phenomena that have created the lakes. Šafarek, G. Plitvička jezera - 16 srebrnih stepenica, Gušić, B. The lake is named after a building (Croatian. September 2010: The penalty for bathing in the lakes was about 70 euros in 2010", NP Plitvička jezera, Endemske vrste (Prof. dr. sc. You will also find another inter city bus stop here if coming from other regions around Croatia. [25] Previously, swimming had been allowed in Lake Kozjak. In geological terms, the actual phenomena molding the Plitvice Lakes are quite young. The upper trail viewpoints of the Lower Lakes are not part of any of the 7 walking routes of Plitvice. Entrance 1 is situated closer to the Lower Lakes section while Entrance 2 is near the Upper Lakes section. I am having great difficulty in finding information about whether the entrance to the park at Pier3 will be open then. Buy Now Similar info You may like Things to Do in Plitvice Lakes Maps of Plitvice Lakes Trail A – Plitvice Lakes National Park For example, he constructed canals across the travertine barriers for his saw mill that are visible even today. Year after year, new layers of sediments are being added. The area of Plitvice Lakes National Park extends across two political subdivisions or counties (Croatian županija). In 1893, Janeček founded the Society for the preservation of the Plitvice Lakes (Croatian Društvo za uređenje i poljepšanje Plitvičkih jezera), with the aim of preserving the lakes after all negative influence they have been exposed to. Plitvice is a group of 16 natural lakes and is a UNESCO heritage site due to its breathtaking views, its fauna and the unique turquoise waters of the lakes. (1985) Plitvice, Zagreb, Nacionalni park Plitvička jezera, Spektar, (in Croatian, English, German, Italian, and French), National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Croatia (ZAVNOH), "Mrak Taritaš i Zmajlović odobrili betonizaciju Plitvica: UNESCO Hrvatskoj dao rok do veljače", "SEEbiz.eu / Plitvička jezera s rekordnim brojem posjetitelja", "Price list - Nacionalni park "Plitvička jezera, Plitvice Lakes National Park, protected area, "Five Things You May Not Know About Plitvice Lakes in Croatia", "Lika-Senj County Tourist Association, The Plitvice Lakes", Plitvice Lakes National Park–Basic Information, Plitvice Lakes National Park, Sixteen Pearls of the Plitvice Lakes, Dr. sc. Location of Plitvice Lakes National Park in Croatia. According to a legend, a roma (gypsy) drowned in this lake while fishing. After going through entrance 1, you will be welcomed to a lookout platform with a beautiful view of the Lower Lakes from above. As a reference, Plitvice is broken up into two main areas – the Lower Lakes (right hand side of the map) and the Upper Lakes (left hand side of the map). Temporarily, water from other, usually dead creeks reaches Prošćansko jezero from the west.[17]. This was also a time of national awakening in Croatia. Nested in the mountainous Lika region, half-way between the coast and the capital Zagreb, Plitvice is, along with Dubrovnik, the single most visited site in Croatia.The lakes became a protected national park back in 1949, and since 1979 the place is also listed as UNESCO World … Once done with the viewpoints from above, you will want to backtrack down the same way you came and back to P3, where you can continue on with your day. The lake area is surrounded by dense forests. None of the other lakes in the park exceeds 25 metres (82 feet) in depth. Generally, the whole area of Plitvice Lakes National Park can be attributed to the South-East European karst area. Mosses, algae and water plants play a major role in forming the unique landscape of the Plitvice Lakes and its tufa barriers. Carbon dioxide quantities at the springs are about twenty times higher than in the atmosphere. Entrance #1 is on the right hand side of the map and is the main starting point when exploring the Lower Lakes section of Plitvice Lakes National Park. In March 1991 it became the scene of the Plitvice Lakes incident (also called the "Plitvice Bloody Easter"), the first armed confrontation of the Croatian War of Independence that resulted in fatalities. [45] These gatherings served for the joint production of textiles or butter or for the further processing of harvest products (production of flour, etc.). For the precipitation, the water saturation level needs to be higher than 3. Right at the lakes, the Golubnjača Cave (145 m) before the second Korana waterfall and Šupljara Cave (68 m) above Lake Kaluđerovac can be visited. Some of these walking routes focus solely on the Lower Lakes, some just the Upper Lakes and others combine the two. I may as well start off the guide with a Plitvice Lakes map to give you a better idea of how the National Park is laid out. After the war, the Plitvice Lakes were among the first areas to be cleared of mines and renovated, although some of the more remote areas in the park are suspected still to contain landmines. A well-known dance of this region is the round dance (Croatian kolo). That is why the greatest depths of Kozjak lake are in its lower basin (north from the little island).[23]. The national park is located at the national route D1 Zagreb–Split between Slunj and Korenica in the vicinity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. [24] Thanks to his efforts the Plitvice Lakes are now under national protection. These plains are characterized by many karst poljes (e.g. This part of the town, called Rastoke, is often being referred to as "the Small Lakes of Plitvice. These activities used to be accompanied by drinks and dances, particularly during the evenings. Spanning an impressive 73,000 acres, the Unesco World Heritage park is most famous for its series of sixteen, mineral-rich lakes created by water cascading over naturally formed travertine dams through a towering limestone canyon. A unique process occurring at the Plitvice Lakes, however, is the sedimentation of water-bound chalk at certain places. The water temperature at the springs is usually below 10 °C (50 °F). On the one hand, chalk tufa is being washed away partly. The entire population of the military frontier, particularly the so-called frontiersmen, had the duty to protect this area of permanent unrest and terrible destruction. Rome2rio is a door-to-door travel information and booking engine, helping you get to and from any location in the world. Hike a short forest trail with a guide, take a boat to explore the park’s emerald lakes, and take a train past some of the best panoramic views of the park. Native species you might spy as you explore include wolves, turtles, brown bears, and lynx. These rivers originate south of the municipality of Plitvički Ljeskovac and unite at one of the bridges in this village. However, this is only the case on the surface. Each of the Plitvice Lakes has a story or legend to tell. The seat is located in Korenica. Note: there is also a staircase near the Veliki Slap Waterfall that takes you up to the main road, however it was blocked off during my visit. Some scientists refer to the river Plitvica as origin of the name. The important north–south road that passes through the national park area connects the Croatian inland with the Adriatic coastal region. Other reports say that a man named Novaković used to offer boat rides across this lake. You can arrive the night before and get yourself all prepared for an early morning wakeup. In 2000, the national park was expanded by a further 102 square kilometres (39 sq mi) in order to protect the underground tributary streams. This was the highest governing organ of the anti-fascist movement in Croatia during World War II. The water becomes significantly mineralized, super-saturated with calcium and magnesium-hydrogencarbonate.[20]. According to reports, a monk or hermit (Croatian. For the visit of Crown Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, the wife of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria in 1888, the Plitvice Lakes and their surroundings were arranged for tourist purposes for the first time in history. The Plitvice Lakes national park is heavily forested, mainly with beech, spruce, and fir trees, and features a mixture of Alpine and Mediterranean vegetation. During the 6th century, Avars settled in this region, which were accompanied by the Croats. The particular geographic position of the Plitvice Lakes and the specific climate features contributed to the emergence of many natural phenomena and a rich biodiversity within this area. This phenomenon of underground karst rivers (Croatian rijeka ponornica) can also be observed at the Plitvice Lakes. [41][42] In 1998, the national park was removed from the List of World Heritage in Danger. Up until the 21st century, it was supposed that plants extract carbon dioxide from the water for photosynthesis purposes and that in return oxygen is released, thus resulting in the sedimentation of hydrogen carbonate (phytogenesis). Within the rivers and lakes, the water temperature rises up to 20 °C (68 °F). & Marković, M. Follow @FindCroatia. ST2 is located directly outside entrance #2 of the national park. Since 1850, only professional soldiers served in the Military Frontier. (Lake Kaluđerovac served as scenery for the Silver Lake. Read on to learn more about Plitvice and all the important spots throughout the beautiful national park. Plitvice Lakes National Park has a whole lot of variety including walking trails, lakes, waterfalls, shuttle busses, boats, and more. This barrier certainly formed a magnificent waterfall in the past. The 16 lakes that can be seen from the surface are grouped into the 12 Upper Lakes (Gornja jezera) and the four Lower Lakes (Donja jezera). Essentially, the black lines near the lakes that can be seen on the map above are the walking routes. It is just a short ride between P2 and P1, as you get to enjoy a little time out on the water. » You can take a look at the Plitvice Lakes National Park Routes Guide to learn more. Plitvice Lakes National Park - Map of the inscribed property: 2000 Plitvice Lakes National Park - map of inscribed extension: Decisions; 2019 43COM 8E - Adoption of retrospective Statements of Outstanding Universal Value: 2018 42COM 7B.74 - Plitvice Lakes National Park (Croatia) (N … Sixteen lakes can be seen from the surface. They secrete mucus to which the first microcrystals of calcite adhere. Click on images to enlarge (3000px) Need Entry Tickets to Plitvice Lakes National Park? Below are some highly rated options to choose from: Entrance 1: Pansion Danica | House Flora | Guest House Ljubo & Ana, Entrance 2: Hotel Plitvice | Hotel Jezero | Hotel Bellevue | Natura Plitvice Lakes. During the Battle of Krbava Field almost the entire Croatian nobility was killed. The leading scientist arguing for this theory was Ivo Pevalek. These dams are continuously growing in height.[9]. The sedimentation of calcium carbonate from the water occurs only at certain temperature conditions (only above 14 °C), e.g. From an aerial perspective, significant differences between the terrain of the Upper and the Lower Plitvice Lakes can be observed. Up to now, little has been known about these unexplored courses. Plitvice Lakes National Park Plitvice Lakes National Park in Croatia is one of the most beautiful natural sights in Europe.Due to its beauty and significance, this system of 16 interlinked lakes and a large forest complex around it were set aside as a national park in 1949. However, plants indirectly contribute to tufa formation. As a whole, the complex of lakes represents a very sensitive and labile (liable to change) ecosystem. For that reason, I put together a separate guide that solely focuses on the walking routes of Plitvice Lakes National Park. Within Plitvice Lakes National Park you will find three shuttle bus stops – ST1, ST2, and ST3. This place is called Sastavci (English confluence or composition). Also don’t forget to check out the other Croatia itineraries and guides up on the site. Here you will find similar offerings to Entrance 1 such as a parking lot, ticket booth, information booth, gift shop, café, and restrooms. Recently, even European chub (Squalius cephalus) and common rudd (Scardinius erythropthalmus), species whose emergence may be attributed to climate change, have been discovered. Plitvice Lake Entrances. 1) Plitvice Lakes National Park Map. If you want to go to P3, you first must go to P1. The Plitvice Lakes became a major tourist attraction in the late 19th century. Answer 1 of 27: We will be staying at a guesthouse in Plitvice Selo and plan to visit the park on May 1st. These sediments are the results of century-old sedimentation processes. During the period under the control of Serb forces loyal to Belgrade, Croats were ethnically cleansed from the region systematically. In 1788, this area permanently fell back under Habsburg rule. The beginning of the 1990s, however, marked another great turning point in the history of this national park. [4][1] Entrance is subject to variable charges, up to 250 kuna or around €34 per adult per day in summer 2018.[5]. In medieval times, frequent attacks by Mongols posed a permanent threat to the settled population. (ed.) In 1805, another major rule change happened, which created an economic upturn. Along the course of Korana River from the Korana bridge, for example, travertine creation ends quite quickly, in spite of its supersaturation with calcium bicarbonate, as a result of the increased concentration of organic matter in the water. The moss becomes encrusted with travertine and fresh moss grows further out. For the sustainable formation of tufa it is therefore imperative to protect this extremely sensitive area from excessively harmful human influence. Those planning a trip to the beautiful European nation has another reason to rejoice – its Mediterranean climate towards the coast of Croatia is an advantage. The western side of the national park area is enclosed by the Mala Kapela mountain, while the eastern side is enclosed by the Plješevica mountain, which also represents the border to Bosnia and Hercegovina. Essentially, the park is split into two main parts – the Lower Lakes (near Entrance 1 on the right hand side of the map) and the Upper Lakes (near Entrance 2 on the left hand side). At Plitvice, this constant interplay between water, air, rock and vegetation can easily be observed. It is estimated that the tufa sedimentations at the ground of the lakes date back 6,000 or even 7,000 years. If you wanted to see the breakdown of those black lines, then be sure to take a look at the guide that goes into detail about each and every one of those routes. In 1890, the tradesman Ante Devčić from Senj built the first hotel with a restaurant at Prošćansko jezero. According to a tale, a hajduk named Novaković was thrown off his horse into this lake. As regards architecture, the region of Lika is well known for its low wooden houses with roofs made of rye straw or shingles. From the P1 boat terminal you can either take a boat to P2 to see the Upper Lakes, or you can opt for a boat ride to P3, which will take you closer to the Lower Lakes. According to the legend, this is the reason why Prošćansko jezero and the other lakes have emerged. This type of tufa rock typical of the Plitvice Lakes is called "phytogeneous tufa."[14]. The upper trail viewpoints of the Upper Lakes are part of one of the official walking routes. Plitvice Lakes National Park Routes Guide, One Day in Zadar Itinerary | 10 Things To Do in Zadar, A Breakdown of the Plitvice Lakes National Park Routes. This has led to increasing eutrophication of the lakes (increased concentrations of organic substances within the water). As a result of the low level of industrial development in this region and the early introduction of protective measures, a nearly untouched landscape has been preserved. The Ottomans advanced far into Western lands up to Croatia and Hungary. The Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia’s most popular tourist attraction, was granted UNESCO World Heritage status in 1979. The national park is world-famous for its lakes arranged in cascades. The overall water body area is about 2 km2 (0.77 sq mi). For sedimentation to occur it is essential that the water be decelerated, aerated and sprayed. The Lower Lakes, however, are much larger and virtually drill their path through the rock. The availability of water, influenced by the configuration of the terrain, has a great impact on the biodiversity of this area. The P2 boat terminal is the starting/ending point for many people who decide to visit the Upper Lakes. Comparable phenomena to those prevailing at the Plitvice Lakes exist at Rastoke (Slunj), at the Krka National Park, at the rivers Una and the Pliva in Bosnia and Herzegovina and at the Krushuna Falls in Bulgaria. Calcite, however, is dissolved by carbonic acid, thus creating calcium hydrogencarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2). With regard to other similar phenomena in the world, at Plitvice Lakes the sedimentation of chalk and the formation of tufa happens dynamically all along the watercourse and in various forms (fluviatile sedimentation). Plitvice Lakes National Park Attractions Plitvice Lakes National Park Travel Forum Plitvice Lakes National Park Pictures Plitvice Lakes National Park Map Plitvice Lakes National Park Guide All Plitvice Lakes National Park Hotels; Plitvice Lakes National Park Hotel Deals; By Hotel Type Plitvice Lakes National Park Campgrounds The national Park is underlain by karstic rock, mainly dolomite and limestone with associated lakes and caves, this has given rise to the most distinctive feature of the lakes. Scientists, however, estimate that up until now only about 40 percent of the whole population of butterflies has been identified. Instead you will need to walk along a 10-15-minute path that overlooks the Lower Lakes, to get between the shuttle bus stop and the entrance. The shortest linear distance between the Adriatic coast and the national park is 55 km (34 mi). This is a photo I took of the main map, and then from there I added some notes so you can better understand when everything is in the park. During the war from 1991 until 1995, many buildings in the national park were destroyed or burnt down. If you are looking for hotel options then you can find a couple right next to entrance 2, with several guesthouses nearby too. Recent scientific evidence indicates that vegetation is not primarily responsible for the extraction of carbonate from the flowing water. The Plitvice Lakes originate in the south of the park area at the confluence of Bijela Rijeka (English White River) and Crna Rijeka (English Black River). Calcium carbonate is secreted in the form of microcrystals that are deposited, eventually creating tufa sediments (CaCO3). The average relative air humidity is 81.8 percent. [12] Using public transport the lakes can easily be reached by direct bus lines from Zagreb, Karlovac, Zadar or Split. Most lake names stem from true events.[9][46][47]. These climatic conditions prevail due to the Velebit mountain range, which acts as a climatic separator between the coastal region and the Lika high plateau. Plitvicka Jezera (Plitvice Lakes) is Croatia’s well known national park. Upon reaching hard rock, rivers emerge on the surface. Zadar Airport is the technically the closest airport to Plitvice, at about 130km away. Also inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, its landscape of cascading lakes is made up of high-altitude karsts shaped by glacial, hydrological and tectonic activity. Well sign up and join the TripTins community to receive monthly newsletters that will recap everything you need to know to make that trip as memorable as can be. These have only existed since the end of the ice age about 12,000 to 15,000 years ago, according to tufa radiocarbon datings. Plitvice Lakes National Park soon became one of Yugoslavia's most popular tourist attractions. After traversing the Velebit mountain range travelers reach the Croatian karst plains of Lika. )[34], During the 1970s, detailed land registers of the national park were recorded. Plitvice Lakes National Park Map. On the remnants of an ancient settlement of the Japods and Romans a monastery was built at the lakes. The overall difference in altitude within the national park area is 912 m (the highest elevation is Seliški vrh at 1279 m, the lowest elevation is reached at 367 m at the bridge across the Korana river).[16]. Despite the vicinity to the Mediterranean climatic region, a moderate mountainous climate prevails at the Plitvice Lakes. Accommodation at Plitvice Lakes and nearby. (As … Much of the hike here is done in the forest and from time to time you will have openings where the lakes and waterfalls will come into view. [10] By road from the coastal town of Senj the distance is about 110 km (68 mi). At the ground of Lake Kozjak a constant yearly sedimentation of 0,8 millimeters during the past 3,000 years has been ascertained. The Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) value of the water barely exceeds 2.5 mg/L at the influx to the Upper Lakes (Matica). The area around Ocho Rios Jamaica is another region famous for its calc-sinter rivers. [9] In 1898, one of the waterfalls was named after Croatian opera singer Milka Ternina. This porous type of rock is very sensitive to physical impacts. It has a notably wide variety of plant communities, due to its range of microclimates, differing soils and varying levels of altitude. Recent findings list about 20 different kinds of bat species, among them the rare species of Plecotus. At a depth of 20 m, 5 °C (41 °F) have been measured. The areas of the neighborly tribes of the Pannonians, the Liburnians and Dalmatians were united into the province of Dalmatia. While walking the boardwalks will have you seeing the most beautiful parks of Plitvice, you will also get the chance to take a boat ride or two on the main Jezero Kozjak lake. Others say that a grandmother (Croatian. The lakes of Plitvice are a result of century-old processes and the sedimentation of chalk, which is abundantly available in the waters of this karst area. [30], Among original species the brown trout (Salmo trutta fario and Salmo trutta lacustris) can be mentioned. At first sight, a lack of water in the karst region could be ascertained. Nature formed shallow basins (Croatian pličina or plitvak, plitko means shallow), which have been filled with water. The Ottomans succeeded several times to gain control over the area of the Plitvice Lakes for shorter periods. [19], Apart from weather and temperature factors, the water quality and other natural factors are significant for the creation of these natural phenomena, prevailing at the Plitvice Lakes. 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